Plaster mixes - specifications and overview of the main types

Remember, you used to often cover the walls with lime plaster? Used this material to create a favorable indoor microclimate. After all, its components are environmentally friendly components. The coating was breathable and there was no problem with the humidity level in the rooms. Today, wall treatment with lime mortar will be a problem, since the material has a weak degree of adhesion to concrete substrates.

Therefore, an equivalent substitute for lime was a gypsum plaster base. This material has excellent breathability and absorbs moisture vapor well, so the humidity of the rooms will remain at a level that is comfortable for life. Today we find out what gypsum plaster has technical specifications, consider the most popular brands and get acquainted with the general rules for applying the mixture.

General Information

All gypsum plaster mixes have the basic general indicators of technical characteristics. But still, it should be borne in mind that the numbers may differ, based on the constituent ingredients and the manufacturer of the material.

Now the market offers gypsum finishing material of various brands. The most bought of them are: Volma, Prospectors, Knauf rotband, Hercules Rotger, Forman, Teplon, Rotgips.
Let's understand in more detail in each version of the stucco mixture of these brands.
1. Plaster gypsum Volma layer has the following technical characteristics:

• available in packages of 5, 15, 25 and 30 kg,
• it is used indoors with the minimum temperature difference,
• not resistant to moisture. The humidity level in the room should be within normal limits,
• used when plastering wall planes, rarely ceiling,
• unsuitable for floors, because it has a large load,
• easy to apply, flexible
• does not shrink, due to this it can be applied immediately in one layer (but not more than 6 cm in thickness),
• does not require preliminary and finishing puttying. After drying, the coating becomes glossy.

2. Plaster gypsum Prospectors and its technical characteristics:

• produced in 30 kg packages,
• has two color options: white and gray,
• used in rooms where the humidity is moderate,
• it is well fastened with different bases: brick, concrete, foam concrete block, gas block, wood, OSB sheet, etc.,
• does not crack during operation,
• has high heat and sound insulation performance,
• quickly sets and dries,
• plastic, due to this it is easily distributed along the plane, without forming lumps.

3. Technical characteristics of gypsum plaster Knauf Rothband:

Rothband - gypsum plaster, 30kg

• perfectly connects to brick, concrete and foam substrates,
• used for plastering walls and ceilings,
• suitable for use in the bathroom and kitchen,
• the minimum working temperature in the building when applying the composition is 5 ° C,
• the thickness of one applied layer is not less than 5 mm,
• complete drying of the coating is achieved after 7 days.

4. Technical characteristics of gypsum plaster Hercules:

• used to align wall and floor planes,
• does not require subsequent putty,
• the thickness of one applied layer is not more than 30 mm,
• economical to use,
• tolerates normal room humidity, can be used in the decoration of kitchen wall planes,
• it is conveniently applied and well distributed over the surface, does not creep and is not taken in a lump,
• adheres firmly to various bases,
• when dried, it becomes a durable coating.

5. Technical characteristics of Forman gypsum plaster:

Plaster Forman No. 10 gypsum, 25 kg

• used in the decoration of planes made of bricks, as well as walls of any other materials inside the building,
• does not require additional putty work,
• adheres firmly to various bases,
• has a high degree of plasticity,
• produced in white powder in packages, packing in 5, 25 and 30 kg,
• the thickness of one applied layer is 5-50 mm.

6. Technical characteristics of the gypsum plaster Teplon:

• Available in white
• the presence of an additional component of perlite reduces the drying period of the solution on the plane,
• has a high degree of thermal insulation and strength,
• does not require finishing putty,
• suitable for interior and exterior use,
• firmly adheres to a wooden base, brick and concrete.

7. Technical characteristics of gypsum gypsum plaster:

• release form: white powder, packed in paper bags, packed in 30 kg packages,
• used for leveling wall and ceiling surfaces,
• firmly grasps with various bases made of concrete or brick, as well as plastered surfaces,
• it is well operated in rooms with a normal degree of humidity,
• does not cause allergies, does not emit toxic substances,
• plastic and durable
• has a small flow rate when applied.

What is the composition of gypsum plaster

The dry powder plaster mix is ​​packaged in paper bags. To prepare the solution, it is necessary to dilute the composition with water according to the instructions and mix thoroughly. Finishing alignment or decorating the plane requires a fluid paste texture, and sealing gaps and rough alignment - dense.

Pros and cons of stucco

This material is widely used due to its undeniable advantages:

• The composition is almost entirely composed of natural ingredients. During heating or getting wet toxic substances hazardous to health are not released.
• The surface covered with gypsum mortar is as flat and smooth as possible.
• Good adhesion of the material to any substrates guarantees the absence of peeling and lagging from the walls.
• The solution has good ductility, so it is convenient to distribute it on a plane. During application, no lumps are formed on the surface.
• Finishing gypsum base does not shrink, thanks to this correctly applied coating does not crack.
• A good degree of transmission of moisture vapor ensures that there is no accumulation of water under the coating layers. Walls have the ability to "breathe."
• Gypsum material is fireproof.

But the reverse side of the gypsum plaster coin is also available. The disadvantages of this framework are:

• Its material is not able to withstand prolonged exposure to high humidity.

Therefore, I highly do not recommend the use of a gypsum plaster base for finishing the exterior planes of a building.

• Surfaces where metal parts are present are also unsuitable for plaster coating. Since the composition absorbs moisture well, the metal of the parts will rust.
• The coating does not differ in mechanical strength.
• Since the material is harmless and natural, its cost is high.

Plaster drying time

If the room in which the surfaces are treated with gypsum plaster is well ventilated and the temperature regime is observed, then the material can completely dry and gain strength after 7-14 days. Full drying of the gypsum base will provide a soft and light shade to the coating.

After drying of the surface, further decorative decoration of the planes is possible. An important point is the gradual and natural drying of the coating. If heating devices are used to accelerate the drying process, then in the future the surface will certainly crack.

Types of plaster mixes

The price of dry plaster mixes for exterior work and interior decoration is largely determined by the composition of the mixtures and their properties. Most often in our climatic conditions are used:

• Cement mortars for plastering walls and ceilings - can be used both inside the house and outside. Create a strong and reliable surface with high performance properties. Modern technologies allow the use of cement mixtures, but more and more often gypsum plasters are used at the facilities, which do not require subsequent filling of the walls.
• Plaster mixes are optimal for creating comfortable living conditions. They participate in the self-regulation of humidity and help to achieve the optimal microclimate in the rooms. Some plaster mixes for aerated concrete and brick can already be used as a finish.
• Lime plaster - sand is part of the composition, and lime as a binder. The price of this type of stucco mixture remains one of the lowest, so this building material is widely used in the construction of residential and commercial real estate. It shrinks, is sensitive to a large thickness of the layer, does not have high strength and resistance to moisture, but the resulting solution is very environmentally friendly and quickly sets.
• Special compounds - are used to solve narrow and special problems, for example, insulation of the surface, giving it water resistance, fire-bioprotection, noise insulation or increased mechanical resistance.

If you want to profitably buy dry stucco mixes for internal work, it is important to understand the properties, characteristics and optimal operating conditions of each type of finished mixture.

The composition of the plaster

The main filler of cement, gypsum and lime plaster is sand. They differ only in astringent, proportional composition and the presence of additional impurities. For example, a facade stucco mixture is most often made of cement, since the finished surface will be strong, resistant to moisture and can withstand any weather vagaries. For internal work, it is better to buy a plaster mixture of gypsum, but if the task is to save the budget, then it is better to use a lime mortar as an alternative.

The advantage of the mixtures presented in the online store Alfats is their almost complete readiness for use. The builder only needs to add a certain amount of water and mix the mixture. Some decorative plasters may include marble chips, perlite, polymers, tinting agents.

Scope of dry construction plaster mixes

Most often, dry plaster mix M 150 or M 200 is used at objects. However, this is not the whole list of varieties of finishing solutions:

• Structural plaster - the composition includes chips, stone chips, polymers that dramatically change the texture of the surface, giving it a relief. It can be used for facade work and interior decoration. Fillers not only change the appearance of the finish, but can also give increased resistance to abrasion, shock and other damage.
• Decorative plaster - usually refers to the finish, although today there are already solutions that allow you to create a finished surface appearance at the rough finishing stage. They are used for wall cladding, structural and decorative elements of buildings.
• Textured plaster - a plaster mix on a cement basis or using other binders, with a pronounced texture of the filler. Most often, such materials allow you to copy the texture of natural stone, wood, metal.

Sometimes building mixtures are conditionally divided by the stages of their application. For example, there are starting plasters, the main task of which is to provide high adhesion for subsequent finishing. In such cases, the starting plaster mix will play the role of a layer between smooth concrete and ceramic tiles, for example. Also, starting formulations can be used to fix a loose base with a large number of cracks and shells.

The choice of plaster mix

If you do not know which plaster to choose, consult with an architect, foreman or builders. It is important to choose compounds not by their price and strength, but by the conditions of future operation and the properties required for you. For residential premises in the first place in importance are:

• Environmental friendliness and safety,
• Practicality,
• Durability.

For industrial premises:

• Strength,
• Low price of material and installation work,
• Achievement of certain technical conditions (dust removal of the surface, moisture resistance and others).

Of course, the M200 plaster mix can be used on almost any object, but if you have certain problems, plaster can help them.

Some tips for choosing:

• For leveling walls, finishing damp surfaces, unheated rooms, it is better to use DSP (cement-sand mixture),
• Internal work, including painting or wallpapering, is best done with gypsum mixtures,
• To solve special problems (increasing thermal insulation, suppressing noise, providing fire protection), it is better to use special mixtures.

Do not forget about the method of applying plaster. If you plan a machine method of applying the solution, it is better to use industry solutions. Such mixtures do not sit for a long time, have the necessary ductility and provide high surface quality in one pass. If the height difference on the surface of the wall or ceiling is small, it is better to use thin-layer plasters. They usually have mineral, polymer, silicone or silicate fillers that increase adhesion and strength even with a small coating layer.

For more than 15 years, Alfats has been supplying construction companies and crews, so we can be entrusted with the selection and delivery of stucco mixtures for buildings of any category. If you still have questions, contact the consultants, they will select the best mixes for your tasks, taking into account the technical conditions.

Varieties of plaster mixtures, especially their preparation

Plaster mortar consists of three components:

• aggregate providing coating strength (cleaned, washed sand),
• an astringent that imparts plasticity to the mass (cement, clay, lime, gypsum),
• salt-free water.

Note: the choice of binder component is carried out taking into account the location of the work, their purpose, the characteristics of the base, which will be covered with a solution.

Clay-based plaster compositions

Clay mixtures for leveling walls have been used since ancient times. This natural raw material has:

• affordable price
• environmental friendliness
• thermal conductivity
• the ability to regulate the indoor climate when humidity changes, adsorb harmful substances from the air,
• leveling properties (clay mortar for wall plaster levels differences of thickness 5-7 cm),
• elasticity, which makes it possible to apply it even on heated surfaces.

The lack of clay - requires lengthy preparatory work (soaking, cleaning), application skills, absorbs moisture, dries for a long time, is short-lived.

The preparation of plaster mortars, the main component of which is clay, is carried out in the following sequence:

1. Alumina is cleaned of impurities (stones, roots, fragments of branches) and soaked for a day in water, periodically mixing.
2. The mass is kneaded and rubbed through a sieve for uniformity. The resulting raw materials should have a creamy consistency.
3. Clay is gradually mixed with sand. The proportion depends on the fat content of the material. Standard is 1: 3 (1 part clay to 3 parts sand). The resulting mixture should have plasticity - not to blur and not tear when applied. Having achieved the desired consistency, the mixture can be applied to the walls.

This is interesting: since the clay-sand mortar has a high thermal conductivity, it is used for finishing walls. To increase the heat-saving qualities of the mixture will allow the filler (straw, sawdust).

How to spread clay plaster if it is frozen? You can return the mixture to working condition by diluting it with water and kneading. Alumina quickly absorbs liquid and retains it for a long time, so this solution retains its plasticity for a long time.

The composition of the clay stucco composition for internal work can also be added:

Cement gives strength to the mixture. It is mixed with clay in a ratio of 0.2: 1, with the further addition of 3 fractions of sand. It is very important to observe the frequency of administration of the components. If you dilute the clay paste with sand, and then add cement, mixing the resulting solution will be problematic even in a concrete mixer.

Please note: clay-cement mass is preferably used for plastering wooden surfaces. The components in it are mixed in a ratio of 1: 0.2.

To increase the plasticity of clay plaster, it is supplemented with lime. It is a moderately strong, slightly hardening material. In the lime-clay dough, prepared in a ratio of 1: 0.5, add 3 parts of sand.

The acceleration of the adhesion of clay plaster will allow the addition of building gypsum. This material is obtained by crushing and calcining gypsum stone. It is used alone or as an additive to accelerate the setting of building pastes. The combination of gypsum and clay allows you to create a durable coating that dries quickly. After 1 hour after applying the rough coat, you can continue the finishing work. This will significantly speed up the repair process.

The mixture is prepared from 1 part clay and 0.25 parts gypsum. After mixing the paste, sand (2-4 parts) is added to it. The adhesion of this plaster is several minutes; full hardening takes about half an hour.

Note: clay-lime-cement paste is also used for plastering buildings from the outside.

A solution for plastering walls with clay is used to level surfaces and increase their thickness. Apply it to shingles of thin wooden battens, which acts as reinforcement. The mixture is poured onto the wall, gradually filling the voids, and then level the surface with a damp wooden half.

Lime mortar for wall plaster

Before the appearance of finished stucco compositions, the limestone mixture was used everywhere. Its main advantages were high mechanical strength and low cost, resistance to fungi. But the material has a number of disadvantages:

• is moist, therefore it attaches well only to surfaces that absorb water (brick),
• slowly sets (apply it should be dosed),
• short shelf life. The longer the mixture is, the lower its ductility.

The sequence of preparation of the mortar for plaster depends on the type of raw materials. If it is not extinguished, you need to prepare it - pour dry lime into a metal container (less than half the volume) and pour cold water. A chemical reaction will occur during which the mixture heats up and increases in volume. Then it must be closed and insisted for 2 weeks.

Tip: when extinguishing lime, protective clothing, gloves, and glasses should be used.

The composition of the mortar for plaster should be:

• slaked dough grated through a sieve (1 share),
• fine-grained sifted sand (3 shares).

Recommendation: for the resulting solution to be homogeneous, it can be passed through a sieve. Water is used to dilute the mixture.

The application of the lime mixture on the walls is carried out in the following sequence:

1. Spraying the surfaces with a sand-cement-lime composition, prepared in a ratio of 2: 1: 1/5.
2. Using a trowel, the main layer of plaster is applied. It is leveled with a grater, the remains are removed using the rule.
3. Repeated spraying of the surface and grinding the finish layer with a grater to give it smoothness, uniformity.

Gypsum-gypsum mixture

In order for the lime mortar to set faster, gypsum is added to it. This composition hardens in 10 minutes, therefore, requires rapid application. For the same reason, it should not be bred in large portions.

One of the recipes for mixing gypsum-lime mortar for plaster:

1. Dilute the standard dough of lime, divide it in half.
2. In ½ mixture add 1 share of gypsum and mix thoroughly.
3. Pour the remaining dough into the resulting solution.

The solution obtained by mixing lime and cement

This paste has increased strength. It can be used to treat walls, even if they have not completely dried out yet. Cement-lime plaster is rarely used for decoration in new buildings because of its high cost, but it will be appropriate for ongoing or complex repairs.

The mass has high ductility and even after drying resists the formation of cracks. It adheres well to other surfaces (concrete, brick, wood, gas and foam concrete). The mixture can be used in rooms where there is high humidity, since it is resistant to fungus.

How to make a mortar for plastering walls of lime type? You will need the same amount of lime and cement, as well as sand. The last ingredient is used 2-5 times more than the previous two, depending on the desired strength of the solution.

Bulk materials (sand and cement) are mixed first, and lime dough is prepared separately. It is diluted with water to a liquid state. Milk obtained from lime is poured into a cement-sand mixture. The resulting solution was adjusted to the required consistency.

Cement plaster

Cement mortar for plaster is used to process the internal and external walls of buildings, the basement. Traditionally, it is prepared with the addition of sand, proportionality from 1: 2.5 to 1: 6 (depending on the desired qualities of the solution). Such a mass has average plasticity and ease of application.

The choice of brand of solution for wall treatment is carried out taking into account:

• coating features (indoor / outdoor, trowel, waterproof, heat-saving),
• the purpose of the mixture (for spraying walls, a draft or covering layer).

Tip: to give the plaster mixture strength and water resistance, liquid detergents are added to it. They are dissolved in water (proportion of 30-50 ml / 5 l).

How to prepare a cement mortar for plastering? To do this, take cement and sand in the right proportion and mix them dry. Then all this is sieved and diluted with water until the plaster of the required consistency is obtained.

After preparing the cement mortar for plaster, they begin to apply it. Processing the walls with the mixture is carried out in the following sequence:

1. Surface preparation - dismantling of old coatings, paints, wallpapers, tiles, crack repair. If the work will be carried out in a new building, it is enough to clean the walls with a brush from dust.
2. Padding. It will avoid further stratification of the mortar, improve the adhesion of the plaster composition to the wall. You can buy a finished primer or make it from cement, sand and water.
3. Installation of beacons. For this, metal profiles of 6 or 10 mm are used. They are installed from an angle in increments of 1.5 m at a distance of 15-20 mm from the wall. To fix the elements using a gypsum mixture that dries quickly. The evenness of the installation of beacons is checked by level and long rail.
4. Stucco walls with cement mortar. It is carried out 4-5 hours after the installation of beacons on a wet wall. First, the mixture is poured onto the surface so that it protrudes 2-3 mm above the guides. Not allowing the solution to dry, it is leveled, stretching the rule from bottom to top. The thickness of this layer should not exceed 30 mm.
5. Removing beacons. When the mixture is partially hardened, the slats should be carefully removed and the voids filled with mortar and leveled with a spatula.
6. Nakryvka. It is carried out on a wet draft layer. If the coating is dry, it must be moistened with water with a brush.
7. Grout. On a dried covering layer, circular movements are made with a plastic or wooden grater, slightly pressing on the surface. In this case, the remnants of the solution are removed, and the wall is leveled. To obtain a perfectly smooth surface, grout is repeated using a felt upholstered grater.

Note: if all the steps of wall plastering were done correctly with your own hands and the first layer was applied with high quality, then the surface under the tile can not be leveled with finishing shading.

Additional components for plasters

To improve the quality of the solutions used or to give them certain properties, they add:

• quartz sand with fractionation up to 6 mm. It is included in the composition of the plaster to improve its decorative effect, increase resistance to acid,
• marble flour, crumbs fractionation up to 4 mm. It improves the appearance of the coating, makes it more durable,
• barite sand. Its presence in the composition of the plaster mixture helps prevent radio waves from entering the room. This is important for medical facilities, industrial facilities, residential buildings located in radioactive areas,
• metal shavings. It increases the strength of the coating. But, since metal is susceptible to corrosion, it is rarely used,
• to mica. This mineral is added to plaster mortars to provide additional protection against UV waves.

Please note: the finishing mixture should contain no more than 10% of additional components.

Criteria for assessing the quality of the solution

What mortar is needed for wall plastering? So that it meets the necessary criteria, it is prepared according to a certain technology:

• all dry components are sieved to get rid of large particles,
• filter the rough plaster through a 3 mm sieve, the finish through a 1.5 mm sieve,
• mixes for plastering walls should have normal fat content. If it is low, this will degrade the strength of the coating, high - will provoke the appearance of cracks,
• the solution must be of such a consistency that it keeps its shape, does not spread on the walls, does not burst during application and distribution,
• the mixture for rough walls should be denser than for the finish,
• the preparation of a stucco mortar with additives is carried out only if necessary.

Important: the quality of the finishing composition depends not only on its components, proportions, but also the observance of the sequence of their addition.

The use of ready-made leveling compounds

You can mix the plaster mixture with your own hands or buy it ready-made. The latter is manufactured using technology and is supplied dry or liquid. Dry formulations are mixtures of bulk components mixed in certain proportions. They are intended for pretreatment of walls before further finishing.

The composition of the mixture for plastering walls can be different. It depends on its intended purpose, the quality of surface alignment.

Note: there are also specialized dry mortars for leveling walls. They provide additional surface protection and have heat-insulating, sound-absorbing, water-repellent qualities.

Liquid plaster for walls is a homogeneous plastic mass. It does not need to be diluted with water, but can be immediately applied to the surface. Such solutions are supplied in plastic / metal buckets. Before applying it is enough to open and mix with a mixer.

Tip: in order for the liquid plaster composition to adhere better to the surface, the wall must be pre-coated with a primer.

The composition of the mortar for wall plaster, presented in finished form, may be different. It depends on the desired effect. There are standard mixtures that provide a flat surface, and decorative ones that create a specific texture.

Please note: ready-mixed plaster mortars are more expensive than dry mixes, but when applied, they are consumed less (2-3 times).

Which composition to choose

Plastering is an important stage of repair, allowing you to align the surface and prepare them for further finishing. What composition of the solution is suitable for the internal walls of the building?

The choice of mixture is carried out taking into account:

• purposes of application. For rough work, a cement-based mortar is suitable, the finish is mainly performed with gypsum or lime paste,
• room conditions. Some formulations can only be used on dry surfaces, others on wet surfaces. Gypsum mixtures are used in rooms with normal moisture conditions, cement, lime - even with high humidity,
• the nature of the use of the premises. If any compositions can be used for living rooms, then the mixture for leveling the walls in the bathroom must be strong (to withstand the tiling), water and heat resistant. These criteria are fully consistent cement-lime-sand mortar. For finishing, you can use ready-made waterproof putty,
• material consumption. This significantly affects the budget. Some mixtures are cheaper, but their consumption is higher, others are more expensive, but they are spent sparingly.

To determine which solution to plaster the walls, you should also consider:

• how convenient it is to work with the mixture. Gypsum plaster quickly sets, so working with it requires certain skills. The clay solution is plastic, but dries for a long time. The cementitious composition is easy to apply and does not harden immediately, making it possible to adjust the coating,
• the complexity of making the mixture (will it be ready or will have to spend some time mixing all the components). Most of the time will be spent on the preparation of clay and lime mixtures, since they require preliminary soaking,
• how much time will be spent on finishing, cleaning after it,
• whether it will be possible to do the work yourself. When preparing a solution for wall plaster from scratch, the proportions of the components will have to be calculated independently, mixed in the required proportion, adhering to the technology. Buying a finished composition, you do not need to do this. There, all components are mixed in an amount that ensures a perfect match of the solution to one or another job.

What mixture for wall plastering is good: home-made or ready-made? There is no definite answer to this question.If the master selects and mixes the components, having extensive experience in construction and repair work, then he will be able to independently produce high-quality plaster. In the absence of experience, effort and time to prepare the solution, it is better to purchase a ready-made (liquid or dry) composition in the store. At the same time, it is worth consulting with a professional so as not to be mistaken. What do you think about this? What is your opinion?

Specifications

The stucco mixture is a special material based on binders and various additives. Depending on its purpose, it is suitable for indoor or outdoor use. In addition, such compositions differ in grain size. This factor determines the type of plaster. It is the composition and size of the fraction that determines the use of plaster material as a starting or finishing coating.

Outwardly, the starting material is distinguished by a rough texture and often unsightly initial color of the raw material. It is used mainly for decorative or topcoat. The task of such raw materials is to prepare the base for decoration. For these reasons, the composition has a low cost. The finish variety is different from the starting counterpart. Its structure is delicate, creamy and plastic.

The cost of this type may vary significantly. This is especially noticeable if you need a separate category of decorative coating with a certain effect (for example, bark beetle, fur coat, Venetian, silk).

The main distinguishing feature of the stucco mixture from dry stucco is the fact that it is customary to understand drywall as sheets of drywall. The mixture is not a material with a clearly defined shape. It is applied to the prepared base, stretching along the surface with an even layer. It does not need fasteners, like dry plaster, it does not stick. The composition includes all the necessary components to ensure a high level of adhesion. The appearance of a mixture of different brands may vary in color. This is reflected in the final color of the coating after drying.

If necessary, you can always buy a basic white color option. This is exactly what they do when plastering is a preparatory step for the subsequent surface treatment. Decorative coatings based on the finished solution may have colorization. However, the color palette of tones of the finished solutions is small.

If necessary, color changes have to be added to the plaster mass of colors of the desired shade. This technique is used to decorate surfaces to be trimmed when using decorative finishes.

Advantages and disadvantages

Consider the features of the stucco mixture based on its advantages and disadvantages. We highlight the main advantages.

• Plaster mix is ​​a quality material. It is produced on modern equipment using new technologies. Due to this, it has high performance.
• This material levels the base.. Depending on its type, surface defects in the form of chips, potholes, cracks, holes can be hidden.
• Such formulations are variable.. You can choose a mixture for the base of a particular type. Using the starting and finishing mixes allows you to give the base the desired degree of evenness and a colorful decorative background.
• These mixtures have antifungal impregnations. They are a kind of base antiseptics, preventing the formation of a comfortable environment for the emergence and development of microorganisms.
• Such formulations eliminate moisture accumulation.. Due to their structure, they exclude the formation of condensate.

• They are heat insulated.. Regardless of the type of plaster raw material, it insulates walls. This is especially felt in the cold season.
• These compounds absorb sound.. Even with a small thickness of the applied layer, they reduce the level of sound coming from the street or neighboring apartments.
• They strengthen the foundation. During operation, they do not crack, in most cases they do not fade. Decorative coatings do not shrink when dried and do not deform.
• The thickness of the applied layer is possible.I. Based on the characteristics of the base, plaster can be applied with a layer of 1-5 mm.
• The composition includes additives that increase the life cycle solution. Almost every composition is reinforced with an additive to improve adhesion.
• Such materials are fire resistant.. In addition, they are durable and designed for long-term operation.
• Some varieties include working with tile material. Others allow surface decoration with stucco elements from the bulk.

The bulk of the plaster coatings does not contain harmful impurities. They can be used in any room of the apartment and even the home of allergy sufferers. The range includes anti-radiation varieties and insulation plasters. In addition to them, manufacturers produce products with an acid-resistant composition.

The addition of liquid potassium glass allows the use of such plaster in rooms where the negative effect of vapors of aggressive substances is possible. Almost all types of mortar can be applied using a plaster bucket. This factor allows you to save up to 40% of the mixture and apply it to the base with an even layer for a short period of time (consumption is 50-60 cubic meters per 1 hour). In this case, it is possible to simplify the relief design on the surface of the plaster.

We highlight the disadvantages of the stucco mixture.

• Not every type of this material is suitable for decoration of rooms with a high coefficient of humidity.
• Some types of stucco are cold. Others need additional plastering with a top coat.
• With a large coating layer (more than 1 cm), deformation of coatings (especially vertical) is not ruled out. Sometimes such non-compliance with the technology leads to the formation of cracks.
• Some varieties of individual brands do not meet the declared characteristics, differing in low viscosity.
• Certain types of coatings are not resistant to abrasion. During the cleaning process, they will gradually wear off. Others do not withstand significant mechanical shocks.
• Textured coatings are difficult to maintain. Often they are difficult to vacuum, it is impossible to wipe with a damp cloth.

The composition of the plaster mixes

In order not to get confused at the sight of a significant choice of plasters, it is important to know which and what is intended. So, if facade work is ahead, then the choice is limited to cement or cement-sandy dry mixes. But if work is carried out indoors, then gypsum plasters are also added to the listed list. What do these materials represent themselves?

All dry mixes for plaster are divided into several types depending on the binding agent.

Lime plaster

Such a mixture consists mainly of lime and sandbut there are a small proportion of cement, as well as a variety of additives that give certain properties. Such plaster is best used indoors, but, in principle, it is suitable for outdoor use. Its advantages include ease of installation, as well as relatively quick solidification. Moreover, it does not require any additional processing, has excellent antibacterial properties, therefore it protects the walls from the appearance and development of the fungus. One more bonus - excellent adhesion with almost any type of surface. In terms of price, this is one of the most profitable options, since lime is cheaper than cement when it is used as a binder.

Lime plaster boasts also nearby other benefits: it has excellent thermal insulation properties, which are several times higher than that of analogues - gypsum and cement plasters. It also has a higher ability to vapor permeability, so the right microclimate is then created in the room, which is pleasant to be in and easy to breathe. In addition, the finished surface is resistant to heat and remains in its original form for a long time when exposed to high temperatures. In the list of pluses you can add more elasticity and environmental friendliness, but to cons non-record strength, which is much inferior to the same cement plasters, as well as poor resistance to moisture.

Plaster mixes by functional features

Although the composition of the stucco mixtures is relatively simple, still additives to them can slightly change their properties and areas of use.

Plaster mix may be ordinarywhen its composition includes only an astringent and a filler. Such compositions are used to level the surface and prepare it for subsequent finishing. She may be simple, superior and high quality. If the first two types are used for work in utility and technical rooms, for facades, the latter is used only in the decoration of residential premises.

Decorative plastersIn addition to the main components, they also include coloring mattergiving the composition a certain color, or stone crumb a certain breed, which allows you to get a surface with a characteristic pattern. There are also plasters sgraffitothat allow you to create an interesting surface based on the two colors that make up the composition. Such plasters are used for finishing and can decorate both the facade and the walls in the room.

There are also specialized plasters, which include such components that give the finished surface additional properties:

• heat insulating or “warm” plaster is able to create the optimal microclimate in the room and even allows you to do without additional insulation. It consists of special substances, such as polystyrene foam, hydromica, foamglass or perlite: as a result, the composition has an increased volume with less weight, which contribute to thermal insulation,
• sound absorbing plaster due to its properties it is indispensable for the construction of stadiums, concert halls and production halls, and in ordinary apartments it brings a lot of benefits. With it, you can protect yourself from extraneous noise, making your stay more comfortable. Special properties are explained by the presence in the composition of pumice, slag, expanded clay or perlite,
• X-ray protective plaster based on the use of barite concentrate. This is an excellent alternative to lead screens, and excellent protection can already be obtained with a layer of 50 mm. Application conditions: temperature above 15 degrees and the need to plaster the entire surface at once,
• waterproofing plaster indispensable in rooms with high humidity: bathroom, kitchen, pools,
• fire resistant plaster excellent resistance to high temperatures, can maintain its original state for a long time and not ignite,
• acid resistant composition It is used in industrial plants and laboratories where exposure to aggressive vapors is possible. The composition of such plasters usually includes liquid potassium glass.

Use plasters

It has been repeatedly mentioned above that for facade and interior work slightly different formulations are required. Many manufacturers indicate on their dry stucco mixtures for what conditions this or that product is suitable. So, facade plasters must be durable and strong, resist such influences as precipitation, humidity, wind, mechanical damage, sun rays, frost, temperature changes.

For interior work such qualities of plaster as environmental friendliness and decorativeness come first. In both cases, it is also necessary to take into account the material of the walls. But in most cases this is a purely conditional division, since a significant part of the compositions can be used in both cases.